02 |EPPURE SI MUOVE

Galilei

It was nearly 400 years ago when the famous Italian physicist Galilei was condemned by the Catholic Church Inquisition. With the help of his telescope, he intended to prove the rotation of planet earth and its revolution around the sun.
In the 17th century, it was still a sin and a crime to contradict some teachings of the Bible. This scripture clearly introduces the earth as the centre of the universe, and supports the egotistic human philosophy by stating that God created the human after his own picture, and we should dominate the rest of the creatures (Genesis 1:26). Galilei was condemned, and he was obliged to publicly renounce his findings and theories. There is an anecdote which says that, after his condemnation, the frustrated old scientist exclaimed "Eppure si muove" (However it moves).
Today, the so-called Ptolemaic geocentric theory is obsolete, and the Bible lost its scientific value. The Vatican officially apologised for the injustice committed against Galilei. Modern science even found that the whole solar system is just an insignificant little unit revolving around the galaxy. Looking in the direction of the infinite microcosm and the infinite macrocosm, we find the existence of an infinite number of rotating and revolving gyroscopes like our planet earth.
Meanwhile, the 400 years were not enough for humankind to understand the mechanism of the planets rotating and revolving motions. Consulting the scientific textbooks or the encyclopedias, we sometimes read about a hypothesis that the earth rotates due to its original inertia, without friction, in a perfect vacuum. Such idealised motion is introduced in Newton's first law of motions. We can also read about a scientific guess telling that, due to some tidal frictions, the earth rotation gets slower and the days get longer with 0.001 second each century?! Such simpleminded guess is irrelevant because there will probably no longer be homosapiens to measure a daily increase after 100000 years (1 second increase).
The inertia type rotation is much more seriously contradicted by the different movements of the atmosphere. Let us start to meditate after watching the meteorological predictions in the television news. The main systems are generally travelling from west to east. In the high altitude of the stratosphere (above 10 kilometre), the winds are blowing from west to east. This means that the higher atmosphere is rotating faster than the rigid globe does!! Even more paradoxical is the fact that the atmosphere of planet Venus rotates in the opposite direction to its globe rotation.
In another study entitled "The Living Planet Earth", I proved that the regular passat winds near the equator are seriously braking the planet's rotation. Due to this braking force, the inertia type rotation would be completely stopped after about 90000 years. Each year, we would have a 6-minutes-longer day, and such a change would surely be registered by the historians.
The idea of an inertia type earth rotation is a nonsense. There must exist a Nature-created mechanism, a kind of organ, which secures the continuous rotation, and which orients the planet's axis to the most favourable position.
Once we explained the electric and magnetic phenomena with the help of the Living Atom Theory, the rotation of the earth becomes simple and clear. Our planet is a perfect Nature-created electric motor. Furthermore, the rotating magnetic fields even explain the additional forces which oblige some high altitude air molecules to move faster than the globe does. We can also explain the interesting opposite-direction movement of the atmosphere on planet Venus.
I consider that the details of this natural electric motor should be analysed in a different chapter dealing with other electric and magnetic phenomena.
In this study, I deal with the structure of the atmosphere, with the earth's revolution around the sun, and with the phenomenon of tides. Explanation of the tide-raising forces is one of the most eloquent proof supporting the Living Atom Theory.

Living Atom Theory

First of all, I should repeat the basic principles of the Living Atom Theory.
The starting hypothesis consists of the following three points.
1. Our solar system is a huge atom. It has the same structure as an atom having the same number of planetary units (electrons).
  Remark: The name "electron" is misleading. It is introduced by the present confused science as a packet of electric charge which travels and transports energy in the space. I prefer to use the name "atomic planet" or "planetary unit".
2. There are atoms without atomic planets. In my studies, I call them "free atoms" and I use the name "heavy atom" for those with planetary units. Only the heavy atom is able to form molecules, matters and living bodies.
3. All atoms are equipped with organs (like sensors, evaluators and muscles). With the help of those organs, they defend their living equilibrium. In other words, they defend their lives. Each living unit on the earth is equipped with such organs. I think it is logical if I gave the name Living Atom for my theory.
  Remark: Some people with egotistic human mentality criticise the name Living Atom. They are sometimes asking me about the spiritual or sexual life of the atoms. In my opinion, dealing with natural science, we should consider as living units all those who are able to individually create movements and accelerations. Let us forget about their sexual life.
All matter and living body in the solar system is built up of heavy atoms. Thus, the heavy atom is an elementary unit of the solar system. The similarity between the solar system and the heavy atom obliges us to introduce a secondary atom which is the elementary unit of the heavy atom. Then, the secondary atom must also have its elementary unit. So we discover a tremendous variety of atomic units on different "steps" looking in the direction of microcosm and macrocosm.
At this point, I realised that it is absolutely necessary to introduce a kind of indexing system, to give symbols for the different atoms in order to follow my deductions. I gave the symbol ₀ for the heavy atom (which today is considered as the elementary unit of matter), and I gave the symbol ₊₁ for the solar system. Then, we will have a series of atoms like
_-n, ..., _-1, ₀, ₊₁, ..., _+n
and we can state that the _n is an elementary unit of _n+1.
Considering the free atoms, we have the series
_-n⁰, ..., _-1⁰, ₀⁰, ₊₁⁰, ..., _+n⁰
using index 0 at the top for the free atoms. With such symbols, we can say that our solar system ₊₁ is built up of ₀-s and ₀⁰-s. Similarly, heavy atom ₀ is built up of _-1-s and _-1⁰-s. The free atoms ₀⁰ and _-1⁰ are the most important units in the universe. The gravitational field of the solar system ₊₁ is formed by ₀⁰-s. The gravitational field of the heavy atom ₀ and the free atom ₀⁰ is formed by _-1⁰-s.
In order to simplify things, we always indicate the whole series with the general signs _n and _n⁰ where is a whole number between 0 (zero) and + (infinity). This is a very interesting simplification. We can state that the universe is built up of _n-s and _n⁰-s.
Remark: One should not be afraid of this infinite variety of atoms. By analysing the different activities between _-2 and ₊₂ (or _-2⁰ and ₊₂⁰), we can understand all the common phenomena which a human being can experience.
The most important part of each atom is its sun. I did not find the necessity to give a special symbol for the suns. However, the planetary units of the heavy atoms _n will be indicated by the Greek letter and the whole series by
_-n, ..., _-1 ₀ ₊₁, ..., _+n
A human being is living in an atom ₊₁ on the rigid surface of a globe ₊₁. The planets ₀ (electrons) of the atom ₀ are playing an important rôle in the chemical and electrical phenomena.
In our living space ₊₁, we find two kinds of units which are agglomerations of the heavy atoms ₀-s. The inanimate matter will be called ₊₁, and the living entities of our fauna will have the symbol ₊₁. The ₊₁-s are able to individually create accelerations. Here, too, we have the series
_-n, ..., _-1, ₀, ₊₁, ..., _+n
and
_-n, ..., _-1, ₀, ₊₁, ..., _+n
Remark: In the Physics textbooks, the letter generally means a value of mass. In my writings, _n and _n are just symbols. I use signs |_n| and |_n| if I deal with the value of mass.
Let us do a little exercise. We are ₊₁-s living on the rigid surface of a ₊₁. Our activities are observed as a kind of phenomenon by entities ₊₂-s living on a planetary unit ₊₂. On the other hand, the activities of the ₀-s on the planets ₀ are creating a phenomenon which we call light. This interesting deduction could help to diminish the existing arrogant human mentality.
We know that the science called Physics deals only with the units ₊₁-s. I am convinced that we will never understand the mechanism of Nature if we do not consider the activities of the _n-s.
Finally, we should give symbols for the two main organs which govern the life of the _n-s and _n⁰-s.
1. The first organ has the symbol _n^a. It could be called temperature organ because some activities of the ₀^a-s are measured by a human being in temperature degrees. With the help of the _n^a-s, we can explain all the phenomena in connection with the heat problem. It is important to realise that the _n^a works only on the sun of the heavy atom _n. It is the most important organ of the heavy atom.
2. The second important atomic organ has the symbol _n^b. It assures the rotation and the orientation of all the globes (the suns of _n, _n⁰ and the _n). The orientation organ is extremely important and strong in the free atoms _n⁰. We can not deny its existence as we observe the wonders done by the flowers and other vegetations. Thus, the rotating globes of the universe are transformed into intelligent living gyroscopes, and one of them is our planet earth.

The Marvel of Gas-Molecules

The following study of the gas-molecules and of the atmosphere is an excellent example of the work done by the ₀^a and ₀^b.
We call molecule the most simple agglomeration of the atom ₀, an elementary inanimate matter with the symbol ₊₁. It is a kind of "confederation" of several ₀-s, but there are some rare exceptions of gas-molecules with a single atom (like Argon, Helium). Inside the volume of a molecule, there are only the suns of the ₀-s, the globes of the atomic planets ₀ and the secondary free atoms _-1⁰, forming the gravitational field of ₀.
If we want to visualise the molecules in a volume of gas or air, then we should imagine spheres of diameter where the distance between them is about 100 x , as shown in Figure 02-01. With such a picture, scientists should ask the question: What kind of medium is between the widely separated gas-molecules?
It is interesting to note that the English physicist Sir James Jeans (1877-1946) mentioned in his book "Introduction to the Kinetic Theory of Gases" that gas-molecules are embedded in some "fields of forces?" and the comportment of the gases depends mainly on the characteristic of those fields.
The Living Atom Theory gives the most logical explanation. The gas-molecules are embedded in a "sea" of free atoms ₀⁰.
The ₀⁰ is a tiny little living gyroscope which is protected by its gravitational field, an elastic medium made up of free atoms _-1⁰, as shown in Figure 02-02. The ₀⁰ is filling up all the space which is not occupied by ₀-s. The protected gyroscopes are kept in distance, and they can work properly. The gyroscope is animated by the powerful organ ₀^b. This orientation organ positions the rotating axe in a direction where the fastest rotation is assured. The living equilibrium of all the free atoms _n⁰ depends on the fast rotation of their gyroscope type suns.
There is always an affinity between the ₀⁰ and its "big brother/sister" ₀. Near a huge agglomeration of ₀-s (like our planet earth), the ₀⁰-s are strongly tied to the earth, but even a tiny unit of molecule can influence the pattern created by the oriented ₀⁰ gyroscopes. This situation is visualised in Figure 02-03, and such a pattern acts like a stretched rubber band creating a force on the molecule and a reaction force on the opposite side of the earth.

Remark: We should realise the "out of proportion" of this sketch. The dimension of the earth is about 12 x 10⁶ metre, the molecule is about 10^-9 metre, and we should imagine a ₀⁰ of about 10^-13 metre. (Note that the ₀ is about 10^-10 metre.)
In the space, of course, an infinite number of such patterns are created. The real picture is rather like a pellicle. For simplicity, we draw lines on the paper which we could call "gravitational band lines", as shown in Figure 02-04. The line under the molecule is unstable. (The ₀⁰-s are influenced inversely by the earth and the molecule.) There is a tendency to form a more stable line over the molecule. This is exactly what happens if the molecule starts to move towards the earth.
With an infinite number of gravitational band lines, the construction of our earth is similar to a golf ball, where the elastic bands are holding all the agglomerations of ₀-s (matter) together. All the living gyroscopes of the universe are constructed similarly. The golf ball example is rudimentary. The ₀⁰ created elastic band can change its pattern instantaneously following the judgment and activity of the organ ₀^b.
The force created by the elastic band is transferred to the molecule by the gravitational field of the ₀⁰-s, in other words, by the free atoms _-1⁰.
I must repeat that the _-1⁰ is the most important unit of the universe. Those extremely little elastic spheres (about 10^-36 metre) create an elastic medium which can transfer forces and pressures in all directions of the space.
Somebody who wants to understand the Living Atom Theory must be able to consider our universe as an infinite big elastic "ocean" of _-1⁰-s in which three kinds of living gyroscopes are embedded.
1. The sun of ₀.
2. The sun of ₀⁰.
3. The ₀ (planetary unit).
The different activities of those four "microcosmic" units explain all the phenomena of Physics.
The value of the force depends on the molecule's mass value. Molecules are not the same. They are constructed of more or less different ₀-s and of more or less elementary units _-n. (We should assume a big number !). A more important molecule influences stronger the ₀⁰-s, resulting in a stronger "elastic band" force . It is the importance of the molecule which is expressed by its value of mass.
However, the mass value does not determine the equilibrium of the gas-molecules. The location of the molecule is determined by its volume. If the volume changes, then the molecule starts to move looking for a new position. The volume change depends on the temperature which also changes constantly. Thus, there is a constant movement of gas-molecules and a constant change of gravitational band patterns.

Temperature Organ

To better understand my last deduction, I give more details of the Temperature Organ _n^a which is the principal security organ of the heavy atom _n. We can understand its work only if, put aside our human arrogance, we admit that the _n^a organ is much more superior, more sophisticated and more precise than the human brain is.
It is located in the "capital", the sun of the heavy atom. It performs different functions, and they are always done in the best interest of the atom. Let us mention some of them by taking, as an example, the organ ₀^a which governs the thermal behaviour of ₊₁ (matter) and ₊₁ (living unit).
1. With the help of a perfect "radar" system (note that our vision is an imperfect "radar" system), the ₀^a is able to find out the level of activities in the surrounding ₀ atoms, which means the levels of activities of the surrounding ₀^a-s. Then, it takes the decision to adjust its own level of activity in order to be in equilibrium with its environment. (This is similar to a clever political or military strategy.)
  We can measure an average value of ₀^a activity levels in a huge quantity of ₀-s with our thermometers, and we call it temperature. Thus, I thought it logical to call the ₀^a "temperature organ". Nevertheless, in the outside surface of a rigid body or a liquid, the level of activity of the ₀^a can essentially differ from the value indicated by the temperature. This "surface effect" explains a lot of interesting common phenomena (like heat reflection, insulation, etc.)
  When the "radar" of a ₀^a has the opportunity to "see" the surface of the sun, it senses tremendous activities in the atoms ₀ of the sun. Some atoms on the surface of the bodies ₊₁ or ₊₁ will essentially increase the level of their ₀^a activities, which of course results in a higher temperature. Thus, we can make a far-reaching conclusion. It is absolutely unnecessary to suppose the "travel" of energy(?) from the sun to the earth. The sun just influences the atoms of the earth, and the necessary power to heat up comes from the infinite little microcosm. It is the microcosm which creates all lives and everything. By violating it, we destroy our own life.
2. Another interesting function of the ₀^a is the following. It has the "jurisdiction" to reorganise the defence structure of the atom ₀. In certain conditions, it decides to associate with other ₀ atoms, forming different kinds of molecular structures. (We call it chemical reaction!) It often happens that after reorganising, some ₀^a-s have a much higher level of activity, which creates heat. (We call it exothermic reaction.)
  To characterise the activities of the _n^a-s, it is useful to consider a kind of average velocity _n^a and the mass value of the "temperature" organ |_n^a|. Then, we can analyse the different possible changes of the momentum
  |₀^a| x ₀^a
  and we can make some interesting mathematical deductions. I did it in my original work "Les Atomes Vivants", and I came to the conclusion that the value ₀^a determines the temperature, and the mass value |₀^a| is in relation to the "specific heat" of the matter. It is interesting to note that we are able to observe one of the _n^a-s, namely the ₊₁^a on the surface of our sun. Some spots on its surface are moving with tremendous velocities. (Do not forget that the symbol _n^a is reserved only for the suns of the _n-s.)
3. Marvellous is another function of ₀^a-s when the atoms are associated to form molecules. They work in a perfect harmony, taking unanimous decisions in order to better assure the stability of the molecule. (Note that the water molecule has three ₀^a-s, and the acetone molecule has ten ₀^a-s.) The perfect "confederation" of ₀^a-s orders the matter ₊₁ to transform from rigid to fluid or gaseous form and vice-versa. Of course, those transformations (like everything) are repeated on the different "steps" of the atomic worlds _n. When the "matter" ₀ inside the atom ₀ is transformed in "gaseous" state, this results in an increased volume of the atom ₀. It generally occurs with higher activity levels of the ₀^a-s. Then, in our world ₊₁, we observe that the matter ₊₁ is expanding when heated. (Note the interesting exception of water.) The expansion is especially pronounced in the case of gas-molecules. The reader of this study should realise that the heat expansion is basically governed by the organs _-1^a, which are the security ("temperature") organs of the secondary heavy atom _-1.
4. Finally, we should mention another interesting ₀^a activity. It reacts when the elastic gravitational medium inside the ₀ starts to vibrate. (We know that this medium is composed of free atoms _-1⁰.) The vibration sensor of the ₀^a is a kind of receiver station which is specifically synchronised to frequency values of about 10¹³ hertz. Such kind of vibrations are predominant in electric discharges (we erroneously call them electric currents!), or in microwaves and some laser beams. Meanwhile, even some lower frequency vibrations can influence the ₀^a sensor. If we strike or hammer a rigid body or rub it, then we introduce some multifrequency vibrations inside the atom ₀, and the ₀^a reacts. Similar phenomenon occurs if gas-molecules are obliged to travel fast through a restricted area.

Equilibrium of Gas-Molecules

Let us now return to our original topic, the Equilibrium of Gas-Molecules. With higher temperature, the gas-molecule essentially increases its volume. Dealing with molecules, we have the right to speak about temperature because it indicates an average value of ₀^a activities. Figure 02-05 shows two identical gas-molecules (with the same value of mass) but with different temperatures. We notice different forms of the gravitational band lines. Around the cooler little molecule, the band line has a smaller radius of curvature, resulting in a stronger tendency to straighten out. Consequently, the force ₁ is bigger than ₂. Furthermore, we should also consider a stronger buoyancy effect with bigger volume because there is a pressure value in each point of the atmospheric "ocean". Thus, there are two different reasons why a hot gas-molecule has a very strong tendency to rise higher in the atmosphere, and this is not only because of the principle of Archimedes.
It is fascinating to observe this marvellous Nature-created mechanism which allows the molecules to escape from a dangerous, overheated situation. They do it so in the case of an explosion, and we can also mention, for example, the accurate function of the chimneys and the heated air type balloons.
Remark: When a balloon is filled with hydrogen gas, it is told by physicists that the balloon ascends in the atmosphere because the hydrogen gas is lighter than air. This statement is inaccurate or not precise enough.
A volume of gas is a mixture of molecules and ₀⁰-s. If we want to analyse its equilibrium, then we must be able to explain the equilibrium of the acting forces, and this can be done only if we deal separately with the molecules. Then, we must conclude that the hydrogen gas-molecule ascends upwards because, in the standard atmospheric condition, it has a bigger volume than the surrounding air molecules do. (There are some rare exceptions of hydrogen molecules with little volumes, and we can find them in the lower atmosphere.)
The following three forces are acting upon the molecules.
1. The upward centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the atmosphere.
2. The upward force caused by the buoyancy effect.
3. The downward force created by the gravitational band line.
In higher altitude, the molecule is cooled, the volume is diminished, and the three forces get in equilibrium. It often happens that after an excessive cooling, the molecule starts to travel downwards. Here, we can observe another marvellous natural mechanism which firmly ties the gas-molecules to the globe, but allows movements and creates interesting meteorological conditions.
We demonstrated that gravitational force varies with the temperature!!
If we specify the mass value as the measured weight divided by the gravitational acceleration (), then we introduce a paradox in the science of Physics.
The mass value specified by the Living Atom Theory is valid for all agglomerations _n in the universe. Remember, the mass value is a relative number indicating the number of elementary units in an atomic agglomeration of _n-s. We chose as unity the mass value of 1 centimetre³ water.
The paradox of mass value is less pronounced in the case of a rigid body, but it still exists. Even in a very compact rigid body, the molecules are surrounded by ₀⁰-s, and they are individually affected by the gravitational band lines. However, in a rigid body, the volume of molecules does not change considerably with the temperature, and we can measure the mass value a little more accurately.

The Pressure Problem

The gravitational force tries to push the gas-molecule towards the earth's centre. At the same time, it creates an elementary pressure in the elastic medium _-1⁰, which acts in all directions of the space. With the huge quantity of gas-molecules overhead in the atmosphere, the sum of those elementary pressures is the atmospheric or barometric pressure which we can measure with our barometers.
Thus, the atmospheric pressure is really caused by the deformed patterns of the gravitational bands around the gas-molecules. This means that if there were no gas-molecules, then we would not have atmospheric pressure, and the gravitational bands would have a more regular circular pattern around the rigid and fluid surface of the globe (very similar to the structure of a golf ball). Of course, such a pattern exerts a special kind of pressure on the earth's surface, tying the globe's matters together.
It is important to know that the pressure caused only by the gravitational bands is independent of the atmospheric pressure! It creates a very interesting effect on the liquid surfaces of the earth.
It is a nonsense to explain the gas pressure with the collisions of perfectly elastic gas-molecules, as was done by the well-known Kinetic Theory of Gases. This theory even associates the temperature with the kinetic energy of the fast moving gas-molecules. It was figured out that, in normal atmospheric condition, the velocity of a gas-molecule would be about 500 metre/second. Such a high velocity of a ₊₁ unit would violate the "sound barrier", and it would cause an intolerable noise in the atmosphere.
The Kinetic Theory of Gases is a scientific blunder. The mathematical "acrobatics" in connection with this theory are unnecessarily charging the brains of physicists.
On the other hand, the other well-known theory of ideal gas, which relates the pressure and the volume of gas to the temperature, can be considered as a useful mathematical analogy for practical purposes and engineering. If we enclose a volume of gas (a bunch of gas-molecules embedded in the medium of ₀⁰-s) in a restricted area, then the pressure can be increased either by increasing the number of molecules (which can be done by compressing and decreasing the volume) or by increasing the temperature of the gas, which means increasing the volumes of the molecules.
The mechanism of the air in normal condition can satisfactorily be described with the help of the well-known
x = x
equation, but we should never forget that it is not Nature who obeys the human-invented equations. The comportment of the real gases depends essentially on the decisions taken by the organs ₀^a.
Here is a final remark about the medium ₀⁰ in the atmosphere. Some skeptic persons or scientists could argue by saying that the medium ₀⁰ would hinder the movements of molecules and other matters. This is not true because it is an intelligent living medium. The ₀⁰-s change voluntarily and instantaneously their patterns in order to allow free movements for all the ₊₁-s and ₊₁-s in the atmosphere. Furthermore, we should realise that the free atoms ₀⁰-s are fixed in the space of our solar system atom ₊₁. They do not change their locations. When a ₊₁ or a ₊₁ moves, the new gravitational bands are always created by different ₀⁰ units.

The Orbits of the Planets

Now, I will analyse the gravitational band patterns which are acting in the space over the atmosphere.
There are gravitational bands tying all the planets of the solar system to the sun. For simplicity, Figure 02-06 represents only the gravitational system tying the earth to the sun. We notice several gravitational lines.
Line 1 represents the gravitation near the sun. Line 2 represents the gravitation near the earth. Line 3 represents the gravitation of the moon. Line 4 is the elastic band (pellicle) tying the moon to the earth. Line 5 represents the gravitational system tying the planet earth (₊₁) to the sun.
Nature does not like perfect symmetry. Everything is asymmetrical in order to present an infinite number of variations. The gravitational lines are asymmetrical, too. At Point a of Line 5, there is a curvature with a stronger tendency to straighten out, which creates a force , as shown. This force pushes our planet ₊₁, and causes its revolution around the sun. In all points of the orbit, there is a perfect equilibrium of forces. The form and the location of the orbit never changes because the governing ₀⁰ units are fixed in the space. Our planet is moving like a little toy train on its rail under a Christmas tree.
However, there is some difference. The value of the force changes in different points of the orbit, and so does the velocity of the earth. Astronomers and physicists observed this fact. They also observed that the form of the orbit is very much similar to an ellipse. It is never an absolutely perfect ellipse! The ellipse is an idealised human-invented geometric form. Nature does not respect human inventions!!
I explained the movement and the orbit of a planetary unit ₊₁. It is very easy to explain the orbit of all the planetary units _n of the universe. We only have to understand that in the case of a _n, the gravitational structure is created by the free atoms _n-1⁰.

The Tide Raising Forces

Finally, it is most interesting to analyse separately the gravitational structure of the earth and the moon, as shown in Figure 02-07. We notice that the band tying the moon to the earth must also be asymmetrical. This causes the revolution of the moon around the earth. Nature has all the possibilities to create asymmetrical gravitational bands.
The force equilibrating the centrifugal effect of the moon is indicated by _c. Its reaction force is _r. (We should imagine a stretched rubber band.) Obviously, such a gravitational structure creates additional pressure at Point 1 and Point 2 of the earth's surface.
It is easy to construct an experimental arrangement to demonstrate those pressures. We just have to tie together two balls with a stretched rubber band inserting a spring between them, as shown in Figure 02-08. Then, we can observe the four equilibrated forces, and we can understand the locations of Point 1 and Point 2.
Due to the rotation of the earth, the location of those points changes daily. When Point 1 or Point 2 is located on an important liquid surface, huge wave motions can be created, and we call them "tides". The pressure at Point 1 and Point 2 is even more pronounced when the sun, earth and moon are aligned because of an additional effect of the sun's gravitational band.
Knowing the movements of the earth and the moon, we can precisely predict the time when the tide occurs.
It is absolutely obvious that the tide is caused by a push and not by a pull.
The supposed gravitational pull of the moon could never precisely explain the tide at Point 2. The moon's pull would first of all affect the air molecules, and this would create a fatal vacuum destroying all the lives.
Such an explanation of the tide raising forces is probably the strongest argument proving the validity of the Living Atom Theory.

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